Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Leon Festinger

Cognition is a way of knowing, beliefs, judgments, thoughts. Dissonance is an uncomfortable feeling that motivates a person to take steps to reduce these uncomfortable feelings (an imbalance), while the consonant means balance

Leon Festinger (1957:4) calls this feeling of imbalance "cognitive dissonance" or the nonconformity of understanding, these are feelings that people have when they "find their own an act which did not fit with what they know, or have any opinions that do not match opinions of others. "This concept formed the core of the CDT or understanding of the theory by Festinger inconsistency, a theory that denies that the discrepancy in an unhappy or uneasy feelings that motivate or encourage men to take steps to reduce them.

Incompatibility is the designation for the imbalances and adjustment is the designation for the balance. According to Roger Browns, CDT has two elements with three different relationships to each other, including the following:

1. Relationships consonants: 2 element positioned at one another balanced

Example: we learn with high performance index.

2. Dissonant relationship: two elements in the imbalance

Example: the person who approved the abortion Catholic.

Three. Relationship irrelevant: two elements are not related one another

Example: women and equal rights in the workplace.

Assumption CDT

a. Humans have a desire for consistency in beliefs, attitudes, and behavior.

b. Dissonance created by psychological inconsistencies (Brown),.

c. Dissonance is a feeling not like to encourage people to perform actions with measurable impact.

d. Dissonance will encourage businesses to obtain a consonant and an attempt to reduce dissonance.

Hypothesis Three: How To Reduce Dissonance Between Attitudes and Action

a. Selective Exposure

reduce the importance of dissonant beliefs.

b. Post decision Dissonance

adding consonant beliefs.

c. Minimal justification

produce more dissonance and require more changes to reduce them.

Level Dissonance

a. Level of interest: refers to how significant a problem. Level of interest is proportional to the level of dissonance

b. Dissonance ratio: the number of consonant cognition compared with dissonant. If the ratio is at a balanced position, it will be less experienced dissonance

c. Rationality: refers to the reasons suggested to explain the inconsistencies. The more a person is not able to explain the reason of the conduct, the greater the dissonance that is felt.